1. Pre-crisis preparation:
Working with schools to help set expectations
for what to do when a critical incident occurs.
2. Individual consultation:
A structured one-to-one technique used by a
trained peer counselor or professional after a
critical incident.
3. Briefing: A
presentation to groups following a crisis or
critical incident to share
information, reduce and dispel rumors, and
provide details of action plans.
4. Defusing: A group crisis
intervention technique conducted by a trained
facilitator, usually occurring in the first
12-24 hours after a critical incident.
5. Debriefing (a.k.a.,
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing or CISD). A
structured small-group process targeted toward
mitigating or resolving the psychological
distress associated with a critical incident or
traumatic event, usually occurring in the first
10 days following an event.
6. Parent/family/organization
consultation: A group process conducted to
provide on going education and support to
families, parent groups or
organizations following a critical incident.
7. Referral/follow-up: A
process to assure that individuals experiencing
intense symptoms and who need ongoing support
will be referred for appropriate mental health
services.
One common way to organize the above
interventions is to set up a "Drop in Room." A
Drop in Room is a safe, welcoming place for
students or staff to gather during the school
day for group or individual support from trained
team members